History Professor Illustrates the Early Struggles of Women as Breadwinners in New Book

November 04, 2009

Lara Vapnek, Ph.D, an Assistant Professor in the St. John’s College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, has a penchant for women’s history. Her new book, Breadwinners: Working Women and Economic Independence, 1865-1920, depicts the role of women as wage-earners from the post-Civil War era of industrialization through the 1920s, when women had obtained the national right to vote.

“I was interested in this topic because people tend to focus on middle class women and not as much attention is paid to working class women of this era,” says the History Professor. “There was no mention of their political views and the fact they entered the workforce as breadwinners--earning a wage to support themselves and their families.”

Noting the differences between middle- and working-class women, she highlights working-class leaders such as Leonora O’ Reilly, Helen Campbell, and Jennie Collins as well as the Women’s Educational and Industrial Union and the Women’s Trade Union League, two influential organizations that fought for equal pay and political influence during the American labor movement.

Equal Pay for Equal Work

Breadwinners
, available in December 2009, is one volume in the series Women in American History published by University of Illinois Press. The book describes the exceptional women who struggled with working outside the home and explains their agenda for economic and political equality.

According to Dr. Vapnek, from our current perspective, women gained the right to vote nearly 100 years ago but still in some respects not equal to their male counterparts. The book delves deeply into women’s inequality and the active steps women took to achieve economic independence.

Inducted into the Organization of American Historians (OAH) as a Distinguished Lecturer for her superlative contributions to the study of American history, Dr. Vapnek, a faculty member at St. John’s for four years, credits her experience in teaching women’s history as a foundation for the new book.

“Teaching at St. John’s has helped me frame the issues that I discuss in this volume,” she notes. “There is a long struggle for women’s rights, even today. With a majority of women in the labor force, many still face the same issues of securing equal pay for equal work, protecting themselves from sexual harassment and achieving career advancement.”