Sum Lam

Impact of an Interdisciplinary Team on Pharmacotherapeutic Outcomes in a Geriatric Clinic

Sum Lam, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, and Christine M. Ruby

Abstract
Purpose: To determine if an interdisciplinary team that includes a clinical pharmacist with specialization in geriatrics improves prescribing appropriateness and underutilization of cardiac medications among ambulatory veterans. 

Methods: Prescribing appropriateness and underutilization of cardiac drugs among ambulatory elderly veterans were evaluated.  Medical records of 25 new patients (initial visits 8/2002 - 2/2003) and 70 established patients (follow-up visits 9/2002 - 3/2003) were retrospectively reviewed. 

Results: All new patients were male, mostly Caucasian (68%) with a mean age of 81.7  1.78 years.  Each patient suffered from 5.6  3.0 chronic diseases and took 6.4  2.5 medications concomitantly on a daily basis.  Each patient received medical care from a geriatric interdisciplinary team at an outpatient clinic at an university-affiliated Veterans Affairs medical center.  After the initial visit, prescribing appropriateness determined by Medication Appropriateness Index (MAI) improved significantly from 11.1  5.9 to 3.6  2.8 (p < 0.0001) despite no significant change in number of scheduled medications.  Changes of underutilization of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACEI), beta blockers (BB), and aspirin were -12%, -8%, and +12%, respectively (all changes were not statistically significant).  Underutilization of warfar in remained unchanged at 8%.  Physician receptivity to clinical pharmacist recommendations was 84% among new patients and 67% among established patients.

Conclusion: An interdisciplinary team improved prescribing appropriateness and underutilization of ACEI and BB among ambulatory geriatric patients.  Clinical pharmacist initiated drug regimen review improves pharmacotherapeutic outcomes in the elderly.